Sunday, January 19, 2014

Paper Topics #1


Paper #1
PS 362 – Renaissance and Modern Political Theory
Professor Hsueh

Paper #1 Format
Must be 5-7 pages, typed, 12 point font, double-spaced, proofread, and properly footnoted and cited.
Be sure to indicate which essay question you have decided to answer.

**PAPER #1 DUE on FRIDAY, 2/7, by 5pm in Arntzen Hall 405**

Paper Structure: Essays must be typed, double-spaced, formatted in 12 point font, properly footnoted and cited, and submitted in hardcopy—late papers will be lowered one letter grade without exception except for emergency circumstances. No emailed copies. Papers can be dropped off at my office, Arntzen Hall 405, or in my mailbox in AH 415.

In comparing and contrasting the different writings, your paper should always restate the author’s basic argument before proceeding with the analysis. Your summary and analysis of the arguments should be clearly structured and organized. You should focus on analyzing the strengths and weaknesses in the works under discussion. You can also address limitations, strengths, flaws, merits, contradictions, or hypocrisies in the readings.

At the end of your paper, you should offer some concluding thoughts.  This could take a variety of forms: you might mention the political relevance of your previous discussion; offer a suggestion; or pose another question or issue that has been raised by your analysis.

Paper Topics – Choose one
1) Both Machiavelli and Hobbes have been described as political scientists. Can you see the beginnings of a "science of politics" in their works (The Prince, Discourses, and Leviathan)? Which seems most "scientific"? Why? What kinds of general rules govern political actions, and what kind of evidence do they use to demonstrate the workings of these rules?
The essay should compare and contrast the arguments of the selected theorists in detail. Your essay should provide a reasonably substantive account of each theorist’s position with reference to relevant sections of the text and illustrative quotes. You can also make reference to some of the political examples and films that we’ve addressed in class (i.e., Occupy Wall Street, Syria, Children of Men).

2) Is freedom necessary for good politics? Why? If so, what kind of liberty? If not, why not? Choose 2 of the theorists that we’ve discussed thus far in the quarter (i.e., Machiavelli and Hobbes) to discuss and answer these questions. Your essay should compare and contrast the arguments of each of the selected theorists in detail. While your essay does not have to summarize the entirety of the work in question, it should nonetheless provide a reasonably substantial account of each theorist’s position with reference to relevant sections of the text and illustrative quotes. You can also make reference to some of the political examples and films that we’ve addressed in class (i.e., Occupy Wall Street, Syria, Children of Men).

3) Is violence necessary for good politics? Why? If so, what kind of violence? If not, why not? Choose 2 of the theorists that we’ve discussed thus far in the quarter (i.e., Machiavelli and Hobbes) to discuss and answer these questions. Your essay should compare and contrast the arguments of each of the selected theorists in detail. While your essay does not have to summarize the entirety of the work in question, it should nonetheless provide a reasonably substantial account of each theorist’s position with reference to relevant sections of the text and illustrative quotes. You can also make reference to some of the political examples and films that we’ve addressed in class (i.e., Occupy Wall Street, Syria, Children of Men).

4) Does good government require the management of public opinion? Why? Why not? Choose 2 of the theorists that we’ve discussed thus far in the quarter (i.e., Machiavelli and Hobbes) to discuss and answer this question. Your essay should compare and contrast the arguments of the two selected theorists in detail. While your essay does not have to summarize the entirety of the works in question, it should nonetheless provide a reasonably substantive account of each theorist’s position. This will require reference to relevant sections of the text and illustrative quotes.  You can also make reference to some of the political examples and films that we’ve addressed in class (i.e., Occupy Wall Street, Syria, Children of Men).


Grading Criteria and Suggestions

A and/or A-
Essay offers a detailed summary and well-reasoned analysis. Interpretations of theories are sophisticated and fully supported with textual evidence. All requirements of the paper are completed. Writing is articulate and expressive: prose, punctuation, and grammar are all properly executed. The organization of paper is clear with evident demarcations between summary and analysis. Relevant quotes and materials from the readings are appropriately incorporated, selected, and cited in the text.

B and/or B+
Essay offers a clear summary supported with good arguments. The paper stays on topic and considers relevant aspects of the reading. Writing is basically solid but sometimes employs confusing or improper punctuation and/or grammar. Writing at times requires additional editing for structure and organization. Essay also would benefit from basic proofreading for typographical errors. Interpretations and assessments of materials are plausible and generally supported with textual evidence. At times, citations are not properly executed. In other cases, quotes are not fully explained and/or situated in the body of the response paper.

B-
Paper offers an adequate summary and analysis. The analysis, although often interesting, is not fully lucid or effective for a number of reasons. In some cases, the writing lacks clarity and focus: errors in punctuation and grammar create confusing passages and sentences. In other cases, textual evidence, if cited, is not clearly explained: interpretations can be weak or problematic, often textual evidence is minimal or lacking altogether. Other issues: paper fails to address all the component parts of the essay question; citation of material is done incorrectly; paper has organizational problems that affect readability.

C and/or C+
Essay offers a minimal summary and analysis of material. Prose is hampered by frequent grammatical errors, constant mistakes in punctuation, and repeated typographical errors. Essay often is not clearly structured and analysis is scattered or incomplete. Texts in question are not cited and/or discussed effectively. Essay repeatedly fails to cite and reference textual materials. Textual interpretations can be faulty and/or unsupported with any evidence.

D+ and/or C-
Organization of essay is very sloppy and/or generally incoherent. Writing is extremely awkward and/or unintelligible. Paper displays few of the standard elements of academic prose. Citations are inaccurately done and standard grammar and punctuation are highly flawed.

D and/or F
No thesis, no arguments, no evidence. Writer employs few, if any, aspects of expository writing (paragraphs, outline, and/or punctuation). The paper displays a fundamental lack of understanding of the principles that guide scholarly endeavors. Examples include but aren’t limited to gross mistakes in citing source materials as well as significant errors in framing the paper within the terms of the assignment (e.g., writing a short story instead of an essay).

Suggestions for Essay Writing

Use of quotes/evidence.
It can be very useful to cite specific passages from the text, but simply citing long passages or sentences without explanation leaves the reader confused as to the point of the citation. Furthermore, such citation doesn’t really explain the critical or argumentative value of the quotation. Don't just toss in a quote without explaining why it is important.

Use of signposts
Signposts, such as “next,” “furthermore,” “however,” and “thus,” inform a reader that the essay is taking a turn in its argument: delving into a related topic such as a counter-argument, stepping up its claims with a complication, or pausing to give essential historical or scholarly background. Because they reveal the architecture of the essay itself, signposts remind readers of what the essay’s stakes are: what it’s about, and why it’s being written.

Focus
A descriptive paper just summarizes what the author has said; an analytical paper analyzes what the author has said. Does the author’s claim/idea make sense? What supports the author’s point? What challenges it? What are the author’s basic assumptions or premises? Are these premises true? Does the author ‘sneak in’ assumptions? An analytical paper is not encyclopedic or sweeping, but focused and to the point. Concentrate on composing tightly-knit essays; if you find that you are going beyond the page limit, narrow your focus, don’t lengthen your paper.

Persuasion
Work to convince, not to please, the reader. Writing analytical prose is like arguing a case in court—you need reasons and arguments to persuade the jury. If you are making an interpretive or evaluative claim, show how and why.

Thesis
The first paragraph of your paper should contain a clearly stated thesis. Don't leave your reader in the dark—state the purpose of your paper, and briefly describe the interpretive claims you will be making. All subsequent paragraphs should be written with an eye to providing ‘evidence’ substantiating the claims you make at the start of your paper.

Interpretation
Don’t be intimidated by the authors. No one in the class is expected to offer the ‘definitive’ account (whatever that might be) of anything. As long as you give reasons for your comments, don’t feel shy about offering them.

REFERENCES AND CITATIONS
It is essential that you credit the works that you have researched with proper citation.  Proper citation also gives me the ability to see ‘roadmap’ of all the intellectual and scholarly work that you’ve done.

For every direct quotation and every borrowed idea, you will need to cite your source.

The Chicago style requires you to put a full citation in a footnote on the first quotation or reference to a borrowed idea.

Here is an example:
Gulliver's transformation in Book IV has two motives: his sudden awareness of the Yahoo-like nature of European human beings, including himself, and, equally important, his sudden discovery about what true reasonableness really means (in the lives of the horses). As Swift explains, “My reconcilement to the Yahoo kind in general might not be so difficult, if they would be content with those vices and follies only which nature hath entitled them to. I am not in the least provoked by the sight of a lawyer, a pickpocket, a colonel, a fool, a lord, a gamester, a politician, a whoremonger, a physician, an evidence, a suborner, an attorney, a traitor, or the like: this is all according to the due course of things.”  So in estimating how one should assess his final state, one needs to bear in mind that the issue is not just a turning away from European family and social life; it is also a turning towards what he is now fully in love with, a contemplation of the truth.
____________________________________________

Jonathan Swift, Gulliver's Travels, ed. Herbert Davis (Oxford: Basil Blackwell, 1965), p. 120.

CITATION FORMAT
For a book:

Author’s first name, Author’s last name, Title italicized (Place of publication: Publisher, Date of publication), page number.

Example:
August Kleinzahler, Earthquake Weather (New York: Moyer Bell Limited, 1989), p. 322.

Example with more than one author:

Kwame Ture and Charles V. Hamilton, Black Power - The Politics of Liberation (New York: Vintage Press, 1967), pp. 23-100.

Example with an editor (for a book with multiple authors):

Wing-Tsit Chan, ed. A Source Book in Chinese Philosophy (New Jersey: Princeton University Press, 1963).

Example with more than one editor:

Kumkum Sangari and Sudesh Vaid, eds. Recasting Women - Essays in Indian Colonial History (New Jersey: Rutgers University Press, 1989).

For an encyclopedia or dictionary:

"Article Title." Encyclopedia/Dictionary Name. Date.

Example:

"France." Encyclopedia Americana. 1998.

For an article (from a magazine or a newspaper):

Author’s first name Author’s last name,. "Title in quotes." Publication’s name italicized. Date of publication: Pages.

Example:

Mark Singer, "Profiles (Errol Morris)." The New Yorker 16 Feb. 1989: 38-72.

For an internet source:

Note: leave out the author’s name and the article name if they are not available. To get the title of the web site, try to find the root page for the entire site. This is also called the home page for that site. This is the most basic page, from which all of the other pages of the site branch off.

Author’s last name, author’s first name. "Title of specific page in quotes." Title of web site underlined. Date accessed. Available www.whatever.the.url.address.is.com/pagename.html.

Example:

Tel. "Why are territory points better than capture points?" Tel’s Go Notes. 24 Feb. 2000. Available www.telgo.com.

Alternate Citation Style
[Parenthetical citations in the body of the essay with author and date, list of references is necessary]

Frye’s rejection of liberal feminism is evident in her assertion that, “…heterosexuality, marriage, and motherhood, which are the institutions which most obviously and individually maintain female accessibility to males, form the core triad of antifeminist ideology; and all-woman spaces, all-woman organizations, all-woman meetings, all-woman classes, are outlaws, suppressed, harassed, ridiculed, and punished—in the name of that other fine and enduring patriarchal institution, Sex Equality” (Frye, 413).

Bibliography
Marilyn Frye, “Some Reflections on Separatism and Power,” from Feminist Social Thought: A Reader, ed., Diana Tietjens Meyers (New York and London: Routledge, 1997), pages 406-414.

No comments:

Post a Comment